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Parringtonia
''Parringtonia'' is an extinct genus of Triassic archosaur within the family Erpetosuchidae, known from the type species ''Parringtonia gracilis''. It is known from a single specimen, NHMUK R8646, found from the Anisian-age Manda Formation of Tanzania. This specimen, like most archosaur material from the Manda Formation, is fragmentary, including only a maxilla and a few postcranial bones. They show similarities with those of another archosaur called ''Erpetosuchus'', known from the Middle Triassic of Scotland and the eastern United States. The phylogenetic placement of ''Parringtonia'' and ''Erpetosuchus'' are uncertain; some studies placed them close to the group Crocodylomorpha, which includes all modern crocodylians and many extinct forms that diversified after the Triassic, but this relationship has more recently been questioned.
==Description==
NHMUK R8646 consists of a right maxilla or upper jaw bone, a left scapula or shoulder blade, part of what might be the ischium bone of the pelvis, five complete and four partial dorsal vertebrae, three caudal vertebrae, and five osteoderms. Some vertebrae show suture lines where different parts have begun to fuse, indicating that the individual was immature when it died. NHMUK R8646 most closely resembles the bones of ''Erpetosuchus granti'' from Scotland and ''Erpetosuchus'' sp. from the eastern United States. The teeth are restricted to the front half of the maxillae in ''Parringtonia'' and ''Erpetosuchus'', and the back of the maxilla is thicker than it is tall. ''Parringtonia'' has five tooth sockets, ''Erpetosuchus granti'' only four, and ''Erpetosuchus'' sp. six or more. Unlike ''Erpetosuchus'', ''Parringtonia'' has a foramen or hole on the outer surface of the maxilla. The scapula of ''Parringtonia'' differs in that it has a small bump or tubercle over its shoulder socket. Both ''Parringtonia'' and ''Erpetosuchus'' have a groove that runs along the top of the neural arch of each vertebra.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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